According to a number of media reports, the Italian Competition Authority (ICA) has opened an investigation against Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Novartis AG, Genentech Inc., Roche S.p.A., and Novartis Farma S.p.A., subsequent to complaints made to the ICA by a private healthcare facilities group (Aiudapds) and the Italian Ophthalmological Society. No official documents outlining the complaints or statements from the companies responding to the complaints appear to have been published to date.